How the capillary melting point method works, what affects accuracy, and when to choose a basic or a digital melting point apparatus.

Closed cup or open cup, and which standard applies? A simple guide to choosing between the Abel, Pensky-Martens and Cleveland flash point apparatus.

They look alike from the outside, but a hot air oven, a bacteriological incubator and a BOD incubator do very different jobs. Here is how to tell which one you need.

The right vacuum depth and coolant temperature make a rotavap faster and recover more solvent. A simple method to choose both, with a solvent table.

Both separate a solvent by boiling and condensing it, but they do different jobs. Here is when a rotary evaporator is the right tool and when a distillation set-up is.

Condenser type, lift, water bath, vacuum pump and chiller: what actually matters when you buy a rotary vacuum evaporator, and how to match a model to your lab.